• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a diffusion nozzle for injecting a gas under pressure into a room, characterized in that it comprises: a support provided with a fixing connector for fixing the support to an injection circuit, a foam solid metal held by the support so that the gas from the injection circuit passes through the metal foam before diffusing into the room.
    公开号:FR3046943A1
    申请号:FR1650507
    申请日:2016-01-22
    公开日:2017-07-28
    发明作者:Yves Letang
    申请人:Extinctium；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    "Silent gas diffusion nozzle."
    The present invention relates to a diffusion nozzle for injecting a gas under pressure into a room.
    The present invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of fire extinguishing by gas.
    Buildings may be equipped with a broadcasting network capable of diffusing a gas in premises where a fire has occurred. Such a gas is generally a mixture of nitrogen and argon. The diffusion network comprises a reserve of such a gas under high pressure between 200 and 300 bar. A pipe circuit is connected to this tank and reaches each room to be protected. In general, the end of each pipe penetrates in height, for example by the ceiling, in each room or room. At each end, a diffusion nozzle adapted to broadcast the gas at a predetermined flow rate is fixed. This flow rate is a quantity of gas to be diffused over a predetermined time. This flow is determined to allow to quickly lower the oxygen level in the room without any damage to the material and the human.
    The diffusion nozzles according to the prior art are generally perforated empty boxes with a number of holes making it possible to have a flow rate adapted as a function of the value of the pressure of the gas arriving in the room. Some nozzles are designed to distribute the gas to the ground.
    However, the buildings to be protected may include components, including electronic, of high sensitivity to noise. Noise emitted when a gas fire suppression system is triggered can reach very high values above 120dB. We realized that for rooms hosting data centers or "data centers" in English, noise above 100 dB generates vibrations that disturb and even destroy the read heads of hard disks.
    In particular, the high frequency waves are particularly directional. Therefore, orienting the diffusion nozzles to the components in the room is undesirable.
    The present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a new low noise diffusion nozzle.
    Another object of the invention is the implementation of a diffusion nozzle capable of diffusing a gas without further pressure loss than a standard nozzle.
    At least one of the above-mentioned objectives is achieved with a diffusion nozzle for injecting pressurized gas into a room. According to the invention, the nozzle comprises: - a support provided with a fixing connector for fixing the support to an injection circuit, - a solid metal foam held by the support so that the gas from the injection circuit crosses the metal foam before diffusing into the room.
    With the nozzle according to the invention, the pressurized gas passing through the injection circuit is first blown into the metal foam before being diffused into the room. The metal foam is used as an acoustic filter to limit the noise, noise generated by the passage of gas from a high pressure (upper), for example above 60 bar, to a low pressure (lower) of the order of 5 bars.
    A metal foam is generally modeled by a periodic three-dimensional microstructure. The geometric nonlinearities of such a structure are at the origin of specific physical characteristics. Unlike a solid material, the metal foam has a porous, cellular structure, so that a flow passing through such a structure is split into a multitude of small flows through a material consisting essentially of vacuum.
    A metal foam also has the advantage of having a fairly high stiffness to weight ratio. Moreover, depending on the material used, the resistance to the temperature variation can be very high.
    In general, metal foams are used in heat exchangers, in the automotive sector to lighten mechanical parts and increase energy absorption in the event of impact.
    The inventors have realized that a foam according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate the sound waves of high frequencies, several kHz, these same frequencies which, brought to high decibels, create vibrations causing the deterioration of components. sensitive.
    According to the invention, the metal foam consists of several materials including nickel and chromium in proportions of 60-80% and 15-40% respectively. The inventors realized that the use of these materials allowed better absorption of high frequency waves.
    Preferably, the metal foam according to the invention is a metal foam with open pores or crosslinked. This is unclosed pore metal foam, ideal for ensuring a good diffusion rate in the room.
    According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the metal foam may have a porosity greater than 90%. The ratio of the porosity to the relative density is that the porosity is 100% minus the relative density. This means that the relative density is less than 10%. Such values make it possible to ensure a minimum flow rate for the application in the fire extinguishing area. With a low relative density, the foam consists essentially of vacuum. The stream is subdivided into an infinite number of smaller streams that diffuse through the metal foam.
    According to one embodiment, the metal foam has a porosity equal to 92.2%. By way of non-limiting example, the metal foam may have an average density of 0.45 to 0.9 grams per cubic centimeter.
    According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, when the metal foam is open-pore, this metal foam may have a number of pores per inch, or 2.54 cm, between 17 and 23.
    In the same way, when the metal foam is open-pore, this metal foam may have a mean diameter per pore estimated between 0.6 and 1.4 mm, ideally 0.9 mm.
    In practice, the metal foam may consist of several pre-cut blocks or a monoblock. When it comes to several blocks, they can be placed on each other without special gluing. The use of metal foam precut blocks simplifies the mounting in the support.
    Advantageously, the metal foam may be cylindrical in shape, circular section, square, triangular or other. In all cases, the dimensions are such that the metal foam has a face greater than the flow section from the injection circuit.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, the support may comprise a box completely containing the metal foam, openings being made on the side walls of this box for the lateral diffusion of the gas. By "completely" is meant a box that includes all the metal foam. Preferably, the openings are made only on the side walls so that the flux is diffused laterally and not directly downward on the sensitive components.
    The box may be cylindrical, parallelepipedal, spherical or complex. The metallic mouse may or may not have the same shape as the box.
    Preferably, the number of lateral openings is a function of the desired flow rate in the workpiece and the inlet pressure of the metal foam.
    The diffusion nozzle may comprise a restriction disk disposed at a mechanical interface so as to adjust the flow rate of the gas diffused into the room. It can be a disc having an adjustable central opening or a removable disk that can be changed according to the desired flow rate.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the support may partially cover the metal foam. In this case, the support can for example only maintain the foam from above, the rest of the metal foam being completely exposed in the room. The support may also comprise lateral rods which hold the metal foam directly by pressure on the lateral flanks or with the aid of a lower plate.
    In addition to the above, the fixing connector may be tubular in shape, one end of which is directly in contact with a surface of the metal foam.
    In a variant, it is possible to envisage a tubular-shaped fastening connector, one end of which is inserted into the metal foam.
    Advantageously, the support according to the invention may be plastic or metal. Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description of a non-limiting embodiment, and the appended drawings, in which:
    FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gas diffusion network in rooms in case of fire,
    FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a diffusion nozzle according to the invention,
    FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the diffusion nozzle shown in FIG. 2,
    FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of another example of a diffusion nozzle according to the invention,
    FIG. 5 is a still schematic perspective view of another example of a diffusion nozzle according to the invention, and
    Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a block of metal foam.
    Although the invention is not limited thereto, there will now be described a nonlimiting example of embodiment and implementation of a diffusion nozzle according to the invention having a generally cylindrical shape.
    In Figure 1 is shown a gas diffusion network disposed for example in a building comprising several parts 1, 2 and 3. These three parts can be contiguous, close or spaced at distances of several tens of meters.
    Each piece can contain electronic components of great value and sensitive to vibration. An example of an electronic component fearing vibration is the read head of a hard disk.
    There is a reservoir 4 maintained under pressure for example between 200 and 300 bar. An injection circuit 5 in the form of a pipe is connected upstream to the tank 4 and downstream to each of the parts 1 to 3. Valves, not shown, are arranged along the injection circuit 5 and allow release the pressurized gas from the tank 4 to supply one or more rooms in case of fire. Each arm of the injection circuit, which is disposed inside a room, can diffuse the gas in question under a pressure which is not the pressure of the gas in the tank because of the distance between the tank is said room. In each room, the injection circuit can inject a gas at a pressure different from the pressure of the gas injected into other rooms. Thus, for each part, the diffusion nozzle is adapted so that the flow rate of the injected gas is in accordance with the desired flow rate for each piece, preferably identical in all parts. Generally, it is desirable to have a homogeneous diffusion in all rooms. For this purpose, an adjustable or preferably removable nozzle is used so as to change it according to the desired flow rate.
    In Figure 2, there is a diffusion nozzle 6 according to the invention. It comprises a fixing connector 7 of cylindrical shape with a pitch 8 on its inner surface. This fastening connector can simply be of the micro type having an outer hexagonal-shaped surface to the squares providing a socket for a wrench. This outer side surface that also simply presented, as seen in Figure 2, two opposite chamfers 9 for a decision by means of a wrench.
    The attachment connector is adapted to engage one end of the injection circuit. To do this, the threads 8 cooperate with corresponding threads of the end of the injection circuit.
    In Figure 2, the lower end of the attachment connector 7 and sealingly connected to a box 10 of cylindrical shape with a section diameter greater than the section diameter of the fastening connector.
    The box 10 consists of a cylindrical body 10a closed on its upper part by a disk 10b, and on its lower part of a disk 10c. The upper disk 10b has a central opening in which is fixedly and sealingly inserted the fixing connector 7. Therefore, the flow of a gas from the injection circuit can pass through the fixing connector 7 and reach the chamber directly of the box 10.
    Preferably, the lower disk 10c is a solid disk.
    According to the invention, a metal foam 11 is disposed inside the box 10 so as to occupy the entire interior space.
    As can be seen in FIG. 3, the box 10 is a support holding the metal foam in place and directly facing the interior passage of the fixing connector 7.
    Preferably, the metal foam 11 is disposed in abutment with the lower end of the fixing connector 7.
    The cylindrical body 10a of the box 10, is provided with a multitude of holes 12 for the lateral passage of the box flow injected via the fixing connector. With a lower disk 10c full, it thus favors a lateral outlet flow so as to avoid blowing the gas directly towards the electronic components located in the room. Indeed the diffusion nozzles are generally arranged in height. For example, the box may be made of a material of stainless steel or plastic. The height of this box may be 70 mm, a diameter of 60 mm, with holes 12 with a diameter of about 6.5 mm. The holes 12 are 48 in number and are evenly distributed on the cylindrical body 10a.
    The support according to the invention thus makes it possible to diffuse the gas laterally over 360 °.
    The metal foam 11 completely fills the interior volume of the box 10 and has dimensions with a height of 60 mm and a diameter of 51 mm.
    Although the metal foam may consist of a single block, in the example of Figure 3, there are 6 cylindrical blocks superimposed on each other.
    The metal foam used is a solid foam mainly consisting of nickel and chromium and has a porosity of 92.2%, ie a relative density of 7.8%. It is an open-pore metal foam that offers great compactness and allows high flow rates while reducing the noise generated during the passage of a box flow. In the present case, tests have shown that a passage in the diffusion nozzle according to the invention of a gas having 60bars input and 5bars at the output allowed to reach a noise level of less than 100 dB whereas in diffusion nozzles according to the state of the prior art the noise easily reaches 120 to 130 dB.
    The diffusion nozzle according to the invention is a material resistant to temperature variation between -40 ° to about 50 °. This material is also water resistant. These characteristics are significant advantages in that the expansion of a gas can considerably lower the temperature and subsequently cause condensation.
    In contrast to a conventional use of metal foam to attenuate the flow, in this case the metal foam is used to attenuate the noise while maintaining a high gas flow rate, in any case suitable for use in a heating system. fire, for example depending on the pressure this flow can generally go up to 60 m3 / min.
    Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a block of metal foam. The constituent element is compact, solid, capable of not being deformed by the impact of the gas flow.
    Still in the context of the invention, another example of a diffusion nozzle is illustrated in FIG. 4. The fixing connector may advantageously be of the same type as that described in FIG. 2. On the other hand, the support is completely different. It is no longer a box but a cylindrical body 13 not closed on its lower part, the upper disk being open on its central portion identically to the embodiment of Figure 2. The gas flow 14 passes through the fixing connector 7 to directly attack the metal foam 11. The latter is fixed to the cylindrical body 13 by gluing, by screwing, using hooks or by any other means to keep in place the metal foam, especially during the In this embodiment, the gas diffuses all around the metal foam not covered by the cylindrical body 13. The diffusion is thus through the side walls and the base of the metal foam. ..
    In FIG. 5 is illustrated another example of a diffusion nozzle according to the invention. The fixing connector may advantageously be of the same type as that described in FIG. 2. The sole support is shown without the metal foam. The medium is a frame comprising an upper disk like the disk 10b described above, and a lower disk full like the disk 10c described above. The two discs are interconnected by rigid, semi-rigid or even flexible rods. These stems are u number of two or more.
    The metal foam can freely diffuse over a large part of its lateral surface. The lower disk 16 is full but it can also be simply a circle connected to the rods. The upper disc 17 may also be a circle connected to the fastening connector by rigid rods, semi-rigid or flexible (not shown).
    Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples that have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention. Other forms of metal foam may be used, in particular spherical or of complex shape. The box-shaped support may have a removable portion (cylindrical body and lower disc) so as to have a cylindrical body with holes adapted to the desired gas flow rate.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    A diffusion nozzle for injecting pressurized gas into a room, characterized in that it comprises: a support provided with a fixing connector for fixing the support to an injection circuit; a solid metallic foam maintained by the support so that the gas from the injection circuit passes through the metal foam before diffusing into the room.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal foam consists of several materials including nickel and chromium in proportions of 60-80% and 15-40% respectively.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal foam is a metal foam open pore or crosslinked.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal foam has a porosity greater than 90%.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal foam has a porosity of 92.2%.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal foam has an average density of 0.45 to 0.9 grams per cubic centimeter.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the metal foam is open-pore, it has a number of pores per inch, or 2.54cm, between 17 and 23.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the metal foam is open-pore, it has a mean diameter per pore estimated between 0.6 and 1.4mm.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal foam consists of several pre-cut blocks or a monobloc.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal foam is cylindrical.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support comprises a box completely containing the metal foam, openings being made on the side walls of the box for the lateral diffusion of the gas.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Nozzle according to claim 11, characterized in that the number of openings is a function of the desired flow rate in the workpiece and the inlet pressure of the metal foam.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support partially covers the metal foam.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing connector is of tubular shape, one end is directly in contact with a surface of the metal foam.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the fixing connector is of tubular shape, one end is introduced into the metal foam.
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support is plastic or metal.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3195905B1|2019-03-13|
    FR3046943B1|2021-01-29|
    EP3195905A1|2017-07-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP1151800A2|2000-05-05|2001-11-07|Vesta Srl|Silenced nozzle for discharge of extinguishing gas|
    US20140069663A1|2012-02-21|2014-03-13|Koatsu Co., Ltd.|Injection head having silencing function for gas-type fire extinguisher|
    EP2881666A1|2013-12-09|2015-06-10|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Nozzle holder made of metallic foam|
    US11117007B2|2017-11-10|2021-09-14|Carrier Corporation|Noise reducing fire suppression nozzles|
    CN112218689A|2018-08-02|2021-01-12|开利公司|Low noise nozzle assembly for fire suppression systems|
    WO2021154287A1|2020-01-31|2021-08-05|Carrier Corporation|Low noise discharge nozzle|
    法律状态:
    2017-01-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-07-28| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170728 |
    2018-01-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-01-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-01-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2022-01-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1650507A|FR3046943B1|2016-01-22|2016-01-22|SILENT NOZZLE FOR GAS DIFFUSION.|FR1650507A| FR3046943B1|2016-01-22|2016-01-22|SILENT NOZZLE FOR GAS DIFFUSION.|
    EP17151169.4A| EP3195905B1|2016-01-22|2017-01-12|Silent gas-diffusion nozzle|
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